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Suffolk County, located on the eastern end of Long Island, is the largest county by area in New York State and home to an estimated population of about 1.5 million people in 2025. It is bordered by Nassau County to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the south, and Long Island Sound to the north. The county features a diverse landscape, including flat coastal plains, gently rolling hills, and numerous bays, harbors, and rivers. Suffolk is known for its natural beauty, with significant green spaces such as the Fire Island National Seashore, Connetquot River State Park Preserve, and the Pine Barrens, offering abundant outdoor recreation in a largely suburban and rural setting. The climate is humid subtropical, characterized by warm summers with average highs near 83°F and cold winters with average lows around 25°F. The county receives about 44 inches of precipitation annually, with snowfall common in the winter months.

Demographically, Suffolk County has a predominantly suburban population with growing ethnic diversity. Approximately 15% of residents are foreign-born. The racial composition is roughly 70% White, 12% Black or African American, 15% Hispanic or Latino, and 4% Asian, along with smaller multiracial groups. The median age is about 43 years, reflecting a mature population. The median household income is approximately $110,000, though income levels vary widely across different communities. Suffolk’s population density is lower than that of more urban counties, averaging around 900 people per square mile, which contributes to its spacious suburban and rural character. Household types include a majority of family households, alongside single-parent families and an increasing number of single-person households, highlighting its diverse and evolving community structure.