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Brownsville is a neighborhood in eastern Brooklyn, New York City, occupying roughly 1.2 square miles between Crown Heights to the west, East Flatbush to the south, and East New York/Ocean Hill to the east and north. As of a 2025 estimate, Brownsville’s population is about 90,000. The terrain is largely flat and fully urbanized, threaded by the small tributary of Paerdegat Basin underground and bordered on the north by the freight-rail corridor of the Bay Ridge Branch. Local green spaces include Betsy Head Park, Linden Park (Gregory Jackson Park), and the eastern edge of Lincoln Terrace Park, providing recreation in an otherwise dense setting. Like the rest of New York City’s coastal plain, Brownsville has a humid subtropical climate: summers average highs near 85 °F (29 °C), winters average lows around 28 °F (-2 °C), and annual precipitation is roughly 45 inches.

Demographically, Brownsville has long been one of Brooklyn’s most predominantly African-American communities, with smaller but growing Latino and Caribbean populations. Approximate 2025 composition is 73 % Black or African American, 19 % Hispanic or Latino, 4 % Asian, 2 % White, and 2 % multiracial or other groups; about 23 % of residents are foreign-born. The median age is about 35 years, and the median household income is near $30,000, among the lowest in New York City—reflecting persistent economic challenges and elevated poverty rates. With a population density surpassing 55,000 people per square mile, Brownsville’s built environment consists mainly of pre-war tenements, rowhouses, and several large public-housing developments. Households range from multi-generational families to single-parent units and single adults, underpinning a tightly woven but economically strained community fabric that continues to evolve through local initiatives and city redevelopment efforts.